کنفرانس بین المللی ماشین و محرکه های الکتریکی

صفحه اصلی / The 5th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Drives

A Novel Hairpin Winding Layout for High-Speed PMSM to Improve Performance and Safety in Electric Aircraft Applications

نویسندگان :

Mohammad Sepehr Zamani¹ Aghil Ghaheri² Ebrahim Afjei³

1- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 2- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 3- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

کلمات کلیدی :

electric aircraft،propulsion systems،hairpin winding،torque ripple،high power،high-speed PMSM،safety.

چکیده :

To make electric aircraft feasible, it is crucial to develop high-power electrical machines with high power density and efficiency while ensuring maximum safety and reliability. This paper presents a novel hairpin-winding layout for a high-speed, high-power surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) designed for electric aircraft propulsion. The proposed design combines the advantages of a diagonal pattern with a fractional-pitch configuration to enhance performance and reduce torque ripple, which affects propulsion safety. Finite element method (FEM) simulations demonstrate that the new winding reduces conductor weight by 5.4% and DC copper losses by 5.3%, while maintaining efficiency above 98% and meeting a 1 MW power requirement. In addition, the winding reduces the MMF amplitude of high-order harmonics, resulting in a 58.5% decrease in magnet losses, a 16% reduction in torque ripple, and an improvement in total harmonic distortion at the motor terminals. These improvements mitigate the risk of demagnetization on magnets and enhance overall reliability and safety. Although manufacturing complexity increases, the proposed winding demonstrates strong potential for next-generation electric-aircraft motors by improving efficiency, power density, performance, and operational safety.